Rootstocks
GF677
Graft holder of French origin (INRA, Bordeaux), currently one of the most widely used standards. From the cross between peach (Prunuspersica) x almond (Prunusamigdalus). It adapts well to limestone soils, tolerates iron chlorosis and is highly vigorous. It has been found to tolerate replantations quite well. It must be taken into account that it is sensitive to nematodes and should not be cultivated in muddy fields as it is very sensitive to root suffocation. Compatible with varieties of almond, peach and nectarine.
Garnem ®
Graft holder GXN 15 originated by the cross between Garfi almond (Prunusamigdalus) and Nemared peach (Prunuspersica) obtained by the Agrarian Research Service of the
General Council of Aragon. It is a very vigorous and erect pattern, early flowering, easy to handle due to its
scarce branching and low requirement of cold hours. It has a characteristic reddish hue that makes it easily identifiable. Resistant to limestone soils, well aerated and drained, but its cultivation in soils that are flooded is not recommended, since it is highly sensitive to root suffocation. It is highly resistant to nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne. Compatible with almond, peach, nectarine and Japanese plum.
Varieties
Lauranne
The Lauranne variety was developed in France by the National Research Institute
Agronomic (INRA), from a crossing of Ferragnès x Tuono. It is a self-fertile variety, of intermediate vigor that presents a rapid entry into production and a good adaptability to dry soils. It has a relatively late flowering. It is considered a disease resistant variety, having been considered not very sensitive to Fusicoccum. Its fruit is small – medium, elongated and narrow, and has a semi-hard shell, whose harvest is carried out in September, presenting a shell yield of 35-38%.
Penta
Variedad procedente del cruce de S5133 (selección de CEBAS-CSIC de Murcia) y la variedad francesa Lauranne. Es una variedad de porte equilibrado y vigor intermedio, cuya ramificación presenta un crecimiento equilibrado. Penta es una variedad de almendro de maduración temprana, rápida entrada en producción y alta productividad. De floración considerada como extratardía, pudiendo florecer entre 10 y 20 días después de Ferragnès, Penta está siendocultivada en zonas frías. Muy autofértil y con una gran densidad floral. Su fruto, de tamaño pequeño, posee la cáscara dura y de forma elíptica, y se recolecta fácilmente. Se considera que posee una elevada tolerancia a enfermedades.
Makako
The Makako almond tree is a self-compatible variety, obtained by the CEBAS-CSIC of Murcia. It presents an extra-late flowering and a very productive semi-straight habit. Due to its flowering period, it is grown in climatologically adverse zones. It shares the good qualities of Penta, having good resistance to diseases and productivity, and being more vigorous than this. It has high productivity, with larger almonds, a hard shell and an average yield to shelling close to 30%.
Tardona
Almond tree of medium vigor, abundant branching and semi-straight bearing. Tardona is a
Self-fertile variety of medium productivity, more extra-late flowering than Makako and Penta, with a medium resistance to diseases. The almond is rounded and has a hard shell, with an average yield to husking of 25% and easy to harvest.
Soleta
It is a self-fertile variety, protected by the CITA de Aragón. It is characterized by having a late flowering and a semi-straight structure. With a productive capacity between high and very high. It stands out for its adaptation to intensive and super intensive systems. Its fruit, with a quality grain, flavor and high content in fatty acids and antioxidants, is elliptical in shape and hard shell, and offers a yield between 27 and 35%. It is a variety of almond tree sensitive to Ocher stain and Moniliosis.
Mardia
Variety of almond tree originated and protected by the CITA – Aragón. Extra-late flowering, characteristic for which it is interesting in areas with spring frosts. Presents self-fertility and high tolerance to diseases. Tree of medium vigor, semi-straight bearing and moderate branching, which requires a high requirement of hours of cold and heat, for a correct sprouting of buds and the setting of its fruits. The peel of its fruit is hard and has a heart shape, with a yield of around 25%. Its pip, medium to large in size, has a high content of oleic acid. Full brother of Vialfas.
Vialfas
It is a variety protected by the CITA de Aragón from the crossing of Felisia and Bertina. Self-fertile tree, characterized by its slightly erect growth, medium vigor and late flowering. It produces a fruit with a hard, heart-shaped and pointed shell, with an average yield of around 25%. Vialfas flowering time is 3 days before Mardia. It presents a high requirement of cold hours, similar to Mardía but a lower requirement of hot hours than this. With tolerance to Polystigma and other fungal diseases, such as Taphrina and Coryneum.